Recently, the respiratory department treated a cough patient with chronic cough. Patient Wang, 28, is a famous singer. She usually has good habits and doesn't smoke or drink. A few months ago, after catching a cold, Miss Wang felt a little coughing, but she didn't have phlegm and didn't care. She took some cough medicine herself. Unexpectedly, his cough has been bad. It has become more and more serious recently. Especially at night, his cough can be heard by the neighbors on the whole floor, which has seriously affected Mr. Wang's life.
After admission, Miss Wang was diagnosed with "cough variant asthma" after a series of examinations. After learning that he had asthma, he was completely blind. He never thought that the "ordinary cough" in his eyes would eventually become "asthma".
In fact, in daily life, there are many "cough" patients like Miss Wang. It is often treated as a common cough to delay the disease.
Entonces, ¿qué tipo de enfermedad es el asma variante de la tos? ¿Cómo debemos identificarlo y prevenirlo?
Asthma without wheezing and shortness of breath. Let's know
La variante de asma con tos es un tipo especial de asma y una enfermedad inflamatoria de las vías respiratorias. Dichos pacientes no tienen síntomas comunes de asma, como sibilancias y dificultad para respirar. La tos es la única o principal manifestación, por lo que muchas veces se ignora.
Esta enfermedad se caracteriza principalmente por tos seca irritante (10 ml de expectoración por día, aproximadamente la cantidad de tapas de botellas de dos tipos de agua mineral ordinaria), principalmente por la noche y por la mañana. Aproximadamente un-tercio de los pacientes tose durante mucho tiempo y el tiempo de inicio es de más de 8 semanas. La hiperreactividad de las vías respiratorias es la premisa del ataque de asma. La hiperreactividad de las vías respiratorias se refiere a la respuesta más rápida e intensa de las vías respiratorias a los estímulos externos.
Patients with well controlled "cough variant asthma" may not have symptoms at ordinary times, but once stimulated by cold, cold air, dust, oil fume and so on. They may stimulate airway hyperresponsiveness and induce or aggravate cough.
When ordinary cough is treated, it's wrong
Cough variant asthma cannot be treated as a common cough. Domestic guidelines recommend the use of inhaled corticosteroids combined with bronchodilators, such as "budesonide / formoterol" and "fluticasone / salmeterol". It is suggested that the treatment time should be at least 8 weeks, and some patients need long-term medication. If the patient has severe symptoms and poor response to inhaled glucocorticoids, oral glucocorticoids are recommended.
Además, también se pueden utilizar antagonistas de los receptores de leucotrienos como montelukast sódico. Los medicamentos pueden aliviar los síntomas de la tos, mejorar la calidad de vida y aliviar la inflamación de las vías respiratorias.
For a small number of patients who do not respond to inhaled glucocorticoids, the use of these drugs may still be effective. At the same time, traditional Chinese medicine believes that "cough variant asthma" is related to wind evil invading the lung and lung qi loss. In the treatment of cough variant asthma, it is appropriate to dispel wind and promote lung, stop cough and promote pharynx. Suhuang Zhike capsule has significant curative effect.
Además del tratamiento farmacológico, estos pacientes también pueden tomar algunas medidas eficaces para prevenir la aparición de la variante tos del asma. En primer lugar, mantenga buenos hábitos de vida y alimentación: deje de fumar y de beber alcohol, asegure una nutrición adecuada, mejore su inmunidad, evite los alimentos picantes y estimulantes, y asegure un sueño adecuado y un ejercicio adecuado.
Secondly, avoid long-term exposure to inducing factors, such as dust, pollen, oil fume, irritant gas, cold air, cold, etc. Finally, early intervention, regular medication, once diagnosed as "cough variant asthma" should be treated as soon as possible.
